{"id":1131,"date":"2021-07-28T23:27:28","date_gmt":"2021-07-28T23:27:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.sagaratechnology.com\/blog\/?p=1131"},"modified":"2023-03-14T09:53:38","modified_gmt":"2023-03-14T09:53:38","slug":"the-fundamentals-of-front-end-and-back-end-development","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sagaratechnology.com\/blog\/the-fundamentals-of-front-end-and-back-end-development\/","title":{"rendered":"Fundamentals of Front End and Back End Development"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/sagaratechnology.com\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">For anyone who doesn&#8217;t work<\/a> directly with web development, concepts like fundamentals of front-end vs back-end development can be challenging to wrap your head around. Pile on all of the frameworks, programming languages, APIs, and libraries that front-end developers use to build apps, and it can get very confusing. For anyone who doesn&#8217;t work directly with web development, concepts like front-end vs back-end development can be challenging to wrap your head around.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>To help you become a pro in all things front-end and back-end development, we\u2019ve written articles about this area fundamentals of front-end and back-end development \u2014 in a way non-developers can understand.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_76 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<label for=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-69fcafc14cf59\" class=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-label\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/label><input type=\"checkbox\"  id=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-69fcafc14cf59\"  aria-label=\"Toggle\" \/><nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/sagaratechnology.com\/blog\/the-fundamentals-of-front-end-and-back-end-development\/#The_front-end_and_the_back-end_development\" >The front-end and the back-end development<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/sagaratechnology.com\/blog\/the-fundamentals-of-front-end-and-back-end-development\/#Difference_between_Front-end_and_Back-end\" >Difference between Front-end and Back-end<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"The_front-end_and_the_back-end_development\"><\/span>The front-end and the back-end development<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Two keywords to understand how websites work you might have heard before are the frontend and the backend. These are often talked about (and taught) separately and seen as two very different things, but they are both essential and closely connected in most web development projects.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The front end, also called \u201c<strong>client-side<\/strong>\u201d programming, is what happens in the browser. It\u2019s everything the user sees and interacts with.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The back end, also called \u201c<strong>server-side<\/strong>\u201d programming, happens on the server and the database. It\u2019s the machinery that works behind the scenes to power those fancy features users interact with on the client side.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Read more:&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.sagaratechnology.com\/blog\/2019\/12\/26\/what-to-choose-between-native-or-hybrid-development\/\">What to Choose between Native or Hybrid Development<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Difference_between_Front-end_and_Back-end\"><\/span><strong>Difference between Front-end and Back-end<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4><strong>Role of Front-end vs Back-end<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Both play a crucial role in web development and although they have their fair share of differences. Front-end is all about the visual aspects of the website that a user can see and experience. On the contrary, everything that happens in the background can be attributed to back-end web development. It\u2019s more like an enabler for the frontend web experience.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4><strong>The developer of Front-end vs Back-end<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>The web designer is the most common job title for frontend web development and the role of a web designer is to design and rebuild websites keeping the visual aspects in mind. Backend developers handle everything that happens in the background. Backend developers are the ones who make sure the data and systems requested by the frontend application or software are efficiently delivered.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4><strong>Essentials of Front-end vs Back-end<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Front-end is also referred to as the \u201c<strong>client-side<\/strong>\u201d as opposed to the backend which is basically the \u201c<strong>server-side<\/strong>\u201d of the application. The essentials of backend web development include languages such as Java, Ruby, Python, PHP, Net, etc. The most common frontend languages are HTML, CSS, and JavaScript.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4><strong>The Basics of Front-End Tools &amp; Technology<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Back in the day, websites were simple, static text sites with a bit of formatting and maybe even some animation. That was all thanks to HTML and CSS.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>It\u2019s important to note that front-end development has changed significantly over the past 10 to 15 years with the explosive growth of JavaScript, which wasn\u2019t as ubiquitous on the front end.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Some of the core technologies used in front-end web development include:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4>HTML: The Organizer<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>HTML is how every site on the web is organized, so it\u2019s a big one you can\u2019t live without in front-end development.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>HTML5 is the latest HTML specification. Get a full run-down of this evolving backbone of front-end web technology and learn about one of its cooler features, Canvas.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4>JavaScript: The Multitasker<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>What was once a supplementary tool to make web pages more interactive is now the most ubiquitous client-side technology. JavaScript is more than just a language \u2014 it\u2019s an entire ecosystem that spans frameworks, task runners, server-side development, and more.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4>CSS: The Stylist<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"dc3c\">Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) is how developers add styling and effects to a website. Styles can be added globally, then layered on without changing that fundamental styling that gets applied to a whole site.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>CSS is always evolving. Get to know what\u2019s new with the latest and greatest version, CSS3.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Many front-end developers use a CSS preprocessor to make writing lots of lines of CSS even faster.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>CSS front-end frameworks like Foundation or Bootstrap can help you create polished websites in a snap.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4><strong>UI and UX Design: Bringing the Front-end to Life<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>We\u2019d be remiss to talk about front-end development without mentioning the design aspect \u2014 two things that go hand in hand in website and app development. Many front-end developers wear a few hats, with web designers and UI\/UX skills in their toolbox. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>The Basics of Back-End Tools Technolog<\/strong>y<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Back-end development can be much more varied than front-end development, which is largely driven by JavaScript, HTML, CSS, and various front-end frameworks using these languages.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>To simplify things, we\u2019ll break the server-side down into four main components of a <strong>software stack<\/strong>: the server, the database, the operating system, and the software.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Here\u2019s some more information about each of these components of the backend.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4><strong>1. Languages &amp; Frameworks<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>A variety of programming languages and frameworks are involved in building the software aka back-end. Frameworks are libraries of pre-written code with a pre-imposed structure that a back-end developer can use according to the requirements and needs. Whereas, a programming language is a superset of scripting languages like Ruby, Java, Python, PHP, which can be used to write instructions for execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4><strong>2. Web Servers<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Web servers are computer programs that store, process, and deliver web pages to the users. The most popular ones include Apache (an open-source web server that is currently used by 50% of all websites) and NGINX which is good for reverse proxying, caching, load balancing, and media streaming processes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4><strong>3. Database Management Systems<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>A Database Management System (DBMS) is a collection of programs that enables its users to access, manipulate, interpret and represent data. MySQL is the world\u2019s most popular open-source relational database. It\u2019s not only accessible but also free. Its ease of setup and speedy performances make it a favorite among many backend developers. On the other hand, MongoDB is an open-source NoSQL database system that is closely associated with a JavaScript-based set of technologies like ExpressJS, AngularJS, and NodeJS.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4><strong>4. Local Development Environments<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>All back-end developers will swear by the importance of a local test environment. The advantage of using a local site that\u2019s visible only to you gives you the liberty to try codes and experiments before the site goes live. XAMPP and WampServer are examples of open source windows development environments that allow users to use web applications with Apache, PHP, and MySQL databases.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4><strong>5. Collaboration Services<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Since back-end and front-end operations go hand-in-hand, it\u2019s ideal for developers on both sides to remain connected with each other. Platforms like Slack, Asana, Jira, and Trello help teams to work effectively with better collaboration.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4><strong>6. Website Performance Testers<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>In the digital age, the average attention span of a human being is a mere 8 seconds. Therefore, the speed at which a site loads influences site traffic to a huge extent. Even a one-second delay can make a customer bid farewell to your site. That\u2019s why back-end developers consider speed testers like Google PageSpeed Insights and Full-Page Load Tester as important back-end development tools. These not only provide reports of the site speed but also recommend tweaks to make your page faster. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>For anyone who doesn&#8217;t work directly with web development, concepts like fundamentals of front-end vs back-end development can be challenging to wrap your head around. Pile on all of the frameworks, programming languages, APIs, and libraries that front-end developers use to build apps, and it can get very confusing. For anyone who doesn&#8217;t work directly&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":14,"featured_media":1134,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[123,2,124],"tags":[52,53,47,21,24],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v21.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Fundamentals of Front End and Back End Development<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"fundamentals of front end and back end development. 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